During the 17th century, spa physician François Blondel from Liège began to practice in Aachen, marking the beginning of a golden age of spa culture in the city. Illustrious people seeking relief from their ailments came to Aachen from all over Europe. Thermal water was used for balneotherapy as well as shower and steam treatments, but patients would also drink the curative water from a fountain. There was abundant entertainment for the discerning guests to enjoy in between treatments, as patients would stroll around, dance at the ballrooms or gamble at the casino.